Over-expression of gastrin inhibits apoptosis of gastric cancer cells via reactive oxygen species and annexin A2-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction / La sobreexpresión de gastrina inhibe la apoptosis de las células de cáncer gástrico a través de especies reactivas de oxígeno y disfunción mitocondrial mediada por anexina A2

SUMMARY: Gastrin plays a vital role in the development and progression of gastric cancer (GC). Its expression is up-regulated in GC tissues and several GC cell lines. Yet, the underlying mechanism remains to be investigated. Here, we aim to investigate the role and mechanism of gastrin in GC proliferation. Gastrin-overexpressing GC cell model was constructed using SGC7901 cells. Then the differentially expressed proteins were identified by iTRAQ analysis. Next, we use flow cytometry and immunofluorescence to study the effect of gastrin on the mitochondrial potential and mitochondria-derived ROS production. Finally, we studied the underlying mechanism of gastrin regulating mitochondrial function using Co-IP, mass spectrometry and immunofluorescence. Overexpression of gastrin promoted GC cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. A total of 173 proteins were expressed differently between the controls and gastrin- overexpression cells and most of these proteins were involved in tumorigenesis and cell proliferation. Among them, Cox17, Cox5B and ATP5J that were all localized to the mitochondrial respiratory chain were down-regulated in gastrin-overexpression cells. Furthermore, gastrin overexpression led to mitochondrial potential decrease and mitochondria-derived ROS increase. Additionally, gastrin-induced ROS generation resulted in the inhibition of cell apoptosis via activating NF-kB, inhibiting Bax expression and promoting Bcl-2 expression. Finally, we found gastrin interacted with mitochondrial membrane protein Annexin A2 using Co-IP and mass spectrometry. Overexpr ession of gastrin inhibits GC cell apoptosis by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction through interacting with mitochondrial protein Annexin A2, then up-regulating ROS production to activate NF-kB and further leading to Bax/Bcl-2 ratio decrease.

La gastrina juega un papel vital en el desarrollo y progresión del cáncer gástrico (CG). Su expresión está regulada al alza en tejidos de CG y en varias líneas celulares de CG. Sin embargo, el mecanismo subyacente aun no se ha investigado. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar el papel y el mecanismo de la gastrina en la proliferación de CG. El modelo de células CG que sobre expresan gastrina se construyó usando células SGC7901. Luego, las proteínas expresadas diferencialmente se identificaron mediante análisis iTRAQ. A continuación, utilizamos la citometría de flujo y la inmunofluorescencia para estudiar el efecto de la gastrina en el potencial mitocondrial y la producción de ROS derivada de las mitocondrias. Finalmente, estudiamos el mecanismo subyacente de la gastrina que regula la función mitocondrial utilizando Co-IP, espectrometría de masas e inmunofluorescencia. La sobreexpresión de gastrina promovió la proliferación de células CG in vitro e in vivo. Un total de 173 proteínas se expresaron de manera diferente entre los controles y las células con sobreexpresión de gastrina y la mayoría de estas proteínas estaban implicadas en la tumorigenesis y la proliferación celular. Entre estas, Cox17, Cox5B y ATP5J, todas localizadas en la cadena respiratoria mitocondrial, estaban reguladas a la baja en las células con sobreexpresión de gastrina. Además, la sobreexpresión de gastrina provocó una disminución del potencial mitocondrial y un aumento de las ROS derivadas de las mitocondrias. Por otra parte, la generación de ROS inducida por gastrina resultó en la inhibición de la apoptosis celular mediante la activación de NF-kB, inhibiendo la expresión de Bax y promoviendo la expresión de Bcl-2. Finalmente, encontramos que la gastrina interactuaba con la proteína de membrana mitocondrial Anexina A2 usando Co-IP y espectrometría de masas. La sobreexpresión de gastrina inhibe la apoptosis de las células CG al inducir la disfunción mitocondrial a través de la interacción con la proteína mitocondrial Anexina A2, luego regula el aumento de la producción de ROS para activar NF-kB y conduce aún más a la disminución de la relación Bax/Bcl-2.

The chemical constituents and hypoglycemic activity of alcoholic extract of sea buckthorn leaves / 药学学报

The purpose of this research is to identify the chemical constituents of sea buckthorn leaves extract (SBLE) and explore its hypoglycemic biological activity. SBLE was prepared by hot reflux extraction with 65% ethanol, and its chemical composition was analyzed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (UHPLC-PDA-MS/MS) system. The animal experiments were compliant with ethical principles for animal use and had been approved by the Animal Experiment Ethics Committee of Jinan University. Mice were injected with streptozocin (STZ) to establish a hyperglycemic animal model, and SBLE (1.5 g·kg-1) was administered by gavage for 5 weeks. The fasting blood glucose (FBG) and oral glucose tolerance were detected. Normal mice were given SBLE (1.5 g·kg-1) by intragastric administration for 10 days, and blood was collected from the tail vein to detect the changes in blood glucose within 120 min after sucrose or starch loading. The mucous membrane of the small intestine of mice was taken to detect the activity of α-glucosidase (AG), and the activity of yeast-derived AG incubated with SBLE was evaluated. The glucose uptake by Caco-2 cells treated with SBLE was detected by fluorescence microscopy and cytometry, and the gene expression of sodium-dependent glucose transporter 1 (SGLT1) and glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) in Caco-2 cells were detected by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). A total of 18 compounds were identified, mainly including tannins and flavonoids. SBLE reduced FBG and increased oral glucose tolerance in STZ hyperglycemic mice. SBLE effectively inhibited the increase of blood glucose caused by starch intake in normal mice. SBLE exerted good inhibitory activity on yeast-derived AG (IC50 = 16.94 μg·mL-1) and small intestinal mucosa AG with an inhibition rate of 15.48%. SBLE (25-100 μg·mL-1) dose-dependently inhibited glucose uptake by Caco-2 cells, and SBLE significantly reduced the mRNA level of SGLT1 without changing the expression of GLUT2. In conclusion, the UHPLC characteristic fingerprint of SBLE is established with 18 chemical components identified by mass spectrometry, and SBLE exerts hypoglycemic effect by inhibiting the activity of AG and the absorption of glucose by intestinal epithelial cells.

Construction of interferon alpha/beta receptor subunit 1 gene knockout Caco-2 cell line based on CRISPR/Cas9 system / 中国生物制品学杂志

@#Objective To knockout interferon alpha/beta receptor subunit 1(IFNAR1) gene in human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells Caco-2 using clustered regularly interspaced short palinmic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9(Cas9)system to construct IFNAR1 knockout Caco-2 cell line.Methods The single guide RNA(sgRNA)sequence was designed to specifically recognize the exon region of IFNAR1 gene using CRISPR/Cas9 technology,and the LentiCRISPRv2-IFNAR1-sgRNA recombinant plasmid was constructed.Caco-2 cells were infected with the plasmid packaged by lentivirus and screened by puromycin resistance.The obtained monoclonal cell lines were cultured by limited dilution method,which were verified for the effect of IFNAR1 gene knockout by target gene sequencing and Western blot,and detected for the mRNA levels of CXC chemokine ligand 10(CXCL10)and interferon-stimulatd gene 20(ISG20)in IFNAR1knockout cells by adding exogenous IFNβ.Results Sequencing results of plasmid LentiCRISPRv2-IFNAR1-sgRNA showed that the insertion sites were all located at the sticky end of BsmBⅠenzyme digestion.Two IFNAR1 knockout monoclonal cell lines were obtained.The sequencing results showed that Caco-2-IFNAR1-KO1 had 5 bp deletion in the sixth exon of IFNAR1,and Caco-2-IFNAR1-KO2 had 18 bp deletion and 1 bp insertion in the seventh exon.Compared with wild-type Caco-2 cells,Caco-2-IFNAR1-KO1 and Caco-2-IFNAR1-KO2 cells showed no expression of IFNAR1 protein.Compared with no IFNβ stimulation,the mRNA levels of CXCL10 gene(t = 0.566 and 1.268 respectively,P>0.05)and ISG20 gene(t =1.522 and 1.733 respectively,P>0.05)in Caco-2-IFNAR1-KO1 and Caco-2-IFNAR1-KO2 cells stimulated by 50 ng/mL IFNβ showed no significant increase.While compared with those of wild-type Caco-2 cells,the mRNA levels of CXCL10gene(t = 6.763 and 6.777 respectively,P<0.05)and ISG20 gene(t = 5.664 and 5.65 respectively,P<0.05)in Caco-2-IFNAR1-KO1 and Caco-2-IFNAR1-KO2 cells decreased significantly under the stimulation of 50 ng/mL exogenous IFNβ.Conclusion Caco-2 cell line with IFNAR1 knockout was successfully constructed by using CRISPR/Cas9 technology,and the downstream molecules activated by IFNAR(interferon alpha/beta receptor)in this cell line were obviously inhibited,which provided a powerful tool for further exploration of the innate immune response and replication packaging mechanism of Caco-2 cells after virus infection.

Gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy for secondary high intraocular pressure after vitrectomy / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the clinical efficacy of gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy(GATT)for secondary high intraocular pressure after vitrectomy.METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on 10 patients(15 eyes)with secondary high intraocular pressure(IOP)after vitrectomy treated with GATT in Department of Ophthalmology, Chengdu First People's Hospital from January 2019 to May 2022. The best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA), IOP, number of IOP-lowering drugs, and complications before operation and at 1d, 1wk, 1, 3 and 6mo after operation were recorded, and the surgical success rate was analyzed.RESULTS:There was no difference in BCVA before and 6mo after operation(Z=0, P=1). The mean IOP decreased from 28.33±9.48mmHg to 17.47±3.78(1d), 18.8±3.29(1wk), 19.13±3.62(1mo), 20.31±3.66(3mo)and 18.03±3.23mmHg(6mo; all P&#x003C;0.05). The average medication used before surgery was 2(2, 4), and the average medication used 6mo after surgery was 1(0, 2), which was significantly decreased(P&#x003C;0.001). The total success rate of surgery at 1d, 1wk, 1, 3 and 6mo after surgery was 87%(13 eyes), 93%(14 eyes), 87%(13 eyes), 73%(11 eyes)and 93%(14 eyes)respectively. The main postoperative complications were transient hyphema(10 eyes, 67%)and transient elevated IOP(5 eyes, 33%). No complications seriously affecting the vision occurred.CONCLUSION: GATT is safe and effective in the treatment of secondary high intraocular pressure after vitrectomy.

The first metatarsophalangeal joint fusion combined with lateral toe rotation Weil osteotomy for hallux valgus with severe metatarsal adduction / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore clinical effect of the first metatarsophalangeal joint fusion combined with lateral toe rotation Weil osteotomy in treating hallux valgus with severe metatarsal adduction.@*METHODS@#From March 2017 to August 2021, 37 patients ( 69 feet ) with severe plantar adductor hallux valgus were treated with the first metatarsophalangeal joint fusion combined with rotational Weil osteotomy were retrospectively analyzed, including 8 males(11 feet) and 29 females (58 feet), aged from 67 to 83 years old with an average of (70.03±2.87) years old;3 cases on the left side, 2 cases on the right side and 32 cases on both sides. Visual analogue scale(VAS) was used to evaluate degree of pain relief before operation, 6 weeks after operation and at the final follow-up. American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Surgery (AOFAS) forefoot score was used to evaluate function of the affected foot before operation and final follow-up. Hallux valgus angle(HVA) and intermetatarsal angle(IMA) were measured before operation and at the final follow-up.@*RESULTS@#Thirty-seven patients(69 feet) were followed up from 12 to 48 months with an average of(22.8±0.6) months. Bone healing was achieved at the first metatarsophalangeal joint from 7 to 10 weeks with an average of (8.00±1.21) weeks after operation, without delay and nonunion. HVA was increased from (44.30±2.84)° before operation to (15.20±2.13) °at the final follow-up, and had statistical difference(t=65.781, P<0.05);while no difference in IMA before and after operation(P>0.05). VAS was decreased from (6.73±1.48) points to (2.78±0.71) points at 6 months after operation(t=3.279, P<0.05), and had difference compared with the latest follow-up(1.16±1.12)(t=4.859, P<0.05). AOFAS forefoot score increased from (52.14±5.78) preoperatively to (86.70±4.86) at the fonal follow-up, and 25 feet got excellent results, 40 feet good and 4 feet fair.@*CONCLUSION@#The first metatarsophalangeal joint fusion combined with lateral toe rotation Weil osteotomy in treating severe plantar adduction hallux valgus could significantly relieve pain and appearance of forefoot, stabilize the first sequence, and significantly improve walking function.

Epidemiological characteristics and spatiotemporal clustering of hepatitis A in Zhejiang Province from 2010 to 2019 / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and spatiotemporal clustering of hepatitis A in Zhejiang Province from 2010 to 2019. Methods: The data of hepatitis A incidence in Zhejiang Province from 2010 to 2019 were collected from the infectious disease surveillance system of China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. ArcGIS 10.7 software was used for spatial autocorrelation analysis. SaTScan 9.6 software was used for spatiotemporal scanning analysis. SPSS 25.0 software was used for additional analysis. Results: Zhejiang Province has reported 5 465 cases of hepatitis A in 2010-2019 years, with an average annual incidence rate of 1.00/100 000, and periodicity and seasonality are not obvious. The incidence of male was higher than that of female (P=0.023), and the highest incidence rate was 50-59 years old. Spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that there was a positive spatial correlation between the incidence of hepatitis A in Zhejiang Province from 2010 to 2017, with the weakest correlation in 2010 (Moran's I =0.103, Z=1.769, P=0.049), and the strongest correlation in 2016 (Moran's I=0.328, Z=4.979, P=0.001). Spatiotemporal scanning analysis showed that there was spatial aggregation of hepatitis A in Zhejiang Province from 2010 to 2019, with a total of three aggregation areas identified. Among them, the mostly aggregation area was concentrated in Xiangshan county of Ningbo city, which covered 10 counties (cities and districts), including Ninghai county and Yinzhou district, and appeared from January 1 to June 30, 2012. Conclusion: The incidence level of hepatitis A in Zhejiang Province shows a stable fluctuation trend from 2010 to 2019, and the seasonal regularity is not obvious. The population group aged 50-59 years old is the key population. There is spatial aggregation in the epidemic situation of hepatitis A. Targeted prevention and control measures of hepatitis A should be done based on the law of spatiotemporal aggregation and local incidence.

Preadmission follow-up condition of neonates hospitalized due to severe hyperbilirubinemia after discharge from the department of obstetrics and influencing factors for follow-up compliance: a multicenter investigation / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the preadmission follow-up condition of neonates hospitalized due to severe hyperbilirubinemia after discharge from the department of obstetrics and the influencing factors for follow-up compliance.@*METHODS@#A multicenter retrospective case-control study was performed for the cases from the multicenter clinical database of 12 units in the Quality Improvement Clinical Research Cooperative Group of Neonatal Severe Hyperbilirubinemia in Jiangsu Province of China from January 2019 to April 2021. According to whether the follow-up of neonatal jaundice was conducted on time after discharge from the department of obstetrics, the neonates were divided into two groups: good follow-up compliance and poor follow-up compliance. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify the influencing factors for follow-up compliance of the neonates before admission.@*RESULTS@#A total of 545 neonates with severe hyperbilirubinemia were included in the study, with 156 neonates (28.6%) in the good follow-up compliance group and 389 (71.4%) in the poor follow-up compliance group. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that low gestational age at birth, ≥10% reduction in body weight on admission compared with birth weight, history of phototherapy of siblings, history of exchange transfusion of siblings, Rh(-) blood type of the mother, a higher educational level of the mother, the use of WeChat official account by medical staff to remind of follow-up before discharge from the department of obstetrics, and the method of telephone notification to remind of follow-up after discharge were associated with the increase in follow-up compliance (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Poor follow-up compliance is observed for the neonates with severe hyperbilirubinemia after discharge from the department of obstetrics, which suggests that it is necessary to further strengthen the education of jaundice to parents before discharge and improve the awareness of jaundice follow-up. It is recommended to remind parents to follow up on time by phone or WeChat official account.

Effect of sexuality education for parents of preschoolers / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To evaluate the effect of sexuality education for parents of preschoolers, to provide a basis for sexuality educational programs in rural settings.@*Methods@#This community intervention trial chose four kindergartens in Jiangyang District of Luzhou City as the intervention group and other four kindergartens in Jiangyou City of Mianyang City of Sichuan Province as the control group. Sexuality education for parents was carried out in the intervention group, and the control group received routine arrangement. The baseline survey was conducted from March to May 2019, and the final survey was conducted in December 2019. The investigators conducted a face to face or self filled questionnaires among each parent who agreed to participate in the survey by using the self designed questionnaire "Research on Current Situation and Countermeasures of Early Childhood Sexuality Education in Rural Areas (Parent)".@*Results@#Before the intervention, there was no significant difference in the basic information of parents and their children, and the situation of early childhood sexuality education between the intervention group and the control group( P > 0.05 ). After intervention, parents of the intervention group and the control group showed differences in correct rate of the knowledge regarding early childhood sexuality education (41.5%，32.1%), proportion of recognition of parental responsibility (90.7%， 81.3 %), sexuality education in the family (55.7%，45.9%), sexuality education in schools (70.2%，39.1%) and attitude behavior consistency (28.9%，16.3%) ( χ 2=4.05，8.05，4.17，42.48，9.59， P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#Sexuality education towards parents is effective through improving knowledge, responsibility, the implementation of sexuality education in the family, and attitude behavior consistency among parents.

Clinical effect of different maintenance doses of caffeine citrate in the treatment of preterm infants requiring assisted ventilation: a pilot multicenter study / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To explore the optimal maintenance dose of caffeine citrate for preterm infants requiring assisted ventilation and caffeine citrate treatment.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 566 preterm infants (gestational age ≤34 weeks) who were treated and required assisted ventilation and caffeine citrate treatment in the neonatal intensive care unit of 30 tertiary hospitals in Jiangsu Province of China between January 1 and December 31, 2019. The 405 preterm infants receiving high-dose (10 mg/kg per day) caffeine citrate after a loading dose of 20 mg/kg within 24 hours after birth were enrolled as the high-dose group. The 161 preterm infants receiving low-dose (5 mg/kg per day) caffeine citrate were enrolled as the low-dose group.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the low-dose group, the high-dose group had significant reductions in the need for high-concentration oxygen during assisted ventilation (P=0.044), the duration of oxygen inhalation after weaning from noninvasive ventilation (P<0.01), total oxygen inhalation time during hospitalization (P<0.01), the proportion of preterm infants requiring noninvasive ventilation again (P<0.01), the rate of use of pulmonary surfactant and budesonide (P<0.05), and the incidence rates of apnea and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (P<0.01), but the high-dose group had a significantly increased incidence rate of feeding intolerance (P=0.032). There were no significant differences between the two groups in the body weight change, the incidence rates of retinopathy of prematurity, intraventricular hemorrhage or necrotizing enterocolitis, the mortality rate, and the duration of caffeine use (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#This pilot multicenter study shows that the high maintenance dose (10 mg/kg per day) is generally beneficial to preterm infants in China and does not increase the incidence rate of common adverse reactions. For the risk of feeding intolerance, further research is needed to eliminate the interference of confounding factors as far as possible.

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound as a valuable imaging modality for characterizing testicular lesions / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is a new form of ultrasound (US) that can dynamically display microvessels in a highly sensitive manner. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of CEUS for characterizing testicular lesions in comparison with conventional US. Forty-seven patients with testicular lesions were enrolled. The histopathology results revealed that 31 cases were neoplastic (11 cases of seminomas, 8 nonseminomatous germ cell tumors, 8 lymphomas, 2 Leydig cell tumors, and 2 nonspecific tumors), and 16 cases were nonneoplastic (8 cases of infarctions, 3 epidermoid cysts, and 5 inflammation). The indicators of shallow lobulated morphology and cystic-solid echogenicity on conventional US were suggestive of germ cell tumors. More indicators on CEUS were found to be useful for characterizing testicular lesions. All the neoplastic lesions showed hyperenhancement on CEUS. Moreover, germ cell tumors presented with heterogeneous enhancement (73.7%, 14/19), a twisted blood vessel pattern, rapid wash-in and wash-out, and peripheral rim hyperenhancement signs. Lymphoma was characterized by nonbranching linear vessel patterns (87.5%, 7/8), rapid wash-in and slow wash-out. In nonneoplastic lesions, infarction and epidermoid cysts showed no enhancement, and abscesses were observed with marginal irregular enhancement. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of CEUS for differentiating between neoplastic and nonneoplastic lesions were 100%, 93.8%, and 97.9%, respectively, and these values were higher than those for conventional US (90.3%, 62.5%, and 80.9%, respectively). CEUS can sensitively reflect the microvascular perfusion in testicular lesions and offers high accuracy for characterizing them.

Effect of central serous chorioretinopathy patients by covering sick eye for 48 hours / Efeito da cobertura ocular por 48 horas de pacientes com coriorretinopatia serosa central

ABSTRACT Purpose: To assess the effect of continuously covering the sick eye affected with central serous chorioretinopathy for 48 h. Methods: This retrospective, case-control study involved 32 central serous chorioretinopathy patients categorized in the treatment group composed of 17 sick eye that received continuous covering treatment for 48 h with a medical gauze and the observation group composed of 15 of these patients who were followed up. None of the patients received any other treatments or medications. The logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution (logMAR) best-corrected visual acuity, macular retinal thickness, and the root mean square value of the amplitude density in the first ring of multifocal electroretinogram were examined before and after the 48-h treatment. Results: After the continuous treatment, the logMAR best-corrected visual acuities were 0.31 ± 0.18 and 0.56 ± 0.37 in the treatment and observation groups, respectively (p=0.019). The macular retinal thicknesses were 461 ± 43 µm and 498 ± 50 µm in the treatment and observation groups, respectively (p=0.032). The root mean square values of the amplitude density in the first ring of multifocal electroretinogram were 32.5 ± 5.3 nV/deg2 and 26.6 ± 4.3 nV/deg2 in the treatment and observation groups, respectively (p=0.002). Conclusions: The continuous application of the covering treatment for 48 h on the sick eye showed positive outcomes with respect to the best-corrected visual acuity, macular retinal thickness, and macular retina functions in the treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy.

RESUMO Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da cobertura contínua do olho doente de pacientes com coriorretinopatia serosa central por 48 horas. Métodos: Este estudo retrospectivo, caso-controle, incluiu 32 pacientes com coriorretinopatia serosa central, dos quais 17 receberam tratamento de cobertura contínua por 48 horas no olho doente com gaze médica como grupo de tratamento e 15 foram acompanhados como grupo de observação. Todos os pacientes não receberam nenhum outro tratamento ou medicamento. O logaritmo do ângulo mínimo de resolução da acuidade visual melhor corrigida (LogMar), a espessura macular da retina e o valor médio da raiz quadrada da densidade da amplitude no primeiro anel do eletroretinograma multifocal foram examinados antes e após o tratamento por 48 horas, respectivamente. Resultados: Após o tratamento contínuo, a acuidade visual melhor corrigida pela escala logMar foi de 0, 31 ± 0, 18 no grupo de tratamento e 0, 56 ± 0, 37 no grupo de observação (p=0, 019). A espessura macular da retina foi de 461 ± 43 µm no grupo de tratamento e 498 ± 50 µm no grupo de observação (p=0,032). O valor médio da raiz quadrada da densidade de amplitude no primeiro anel do eletroretinograma multifocal foi de 32,5 ± 5,3 nV/deg2 no grupo com cobertura e foi de 26,6 ± 4,3 NV/deg2 no grupo de observação (p=0,002). Conclusões: O tratamento de cobertura contínua no olho doente, durante 48 horas, apresentou efeitos positivos na acuidade visual melhor corrigida, na espessura e na função macular da retina no tratamento da coriorretinopatia serosa central.

Primary liver cancer complicated by hepatic cystic echinococcosis: a case report / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

A primary liver cancer patient complicated by hepatic cystic echinococcosis was reported. The case was admitted to the hospital due to intermittent upper abdominal discomfort for more than half a month, and an auxiliary examination revealed primary liver cancer complicated by hepatic cystic echinococcosis. Then, hepatic artery infusion and chemoembolization was performed, and no treatment was given to cystic echinococcosis lesions. Following treatment, the patient had remarkable improvements in the liver functions.

A multicenter retrospective study on survival rate and complications of very preterm infants / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the survival rate and the incidence of complications of very preterm infants and the factors influencing the survival rate and the incidence of complications.@*METHODS@#The medical data of the very preterm infants with a gestational age of <32 weeks and who were admitted to the Department of Neonatology in 11 hospitals of Jiangsu Province in China from January 2018 to December 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Their survival rate and the incidence of serious complications were analyzed. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the risk factors for death and serious complications in very preterm infants.@*RESULTS@#A total of 2 339 very preterm infants were enrolled, among whom 2 010 (85.93%) survived and 1 507 (64.43%) survived without serious complications. The groups with a gestational age of 22-25@*CONCLUSIONS@#The survival rate is closely associated with gestational age in very preterm infants. A low 1-minute Apgar score (≤3) may increase the risk of death in very preterm infants, while high gestational age, high birth weight, and prenatal use of glucocorticoids are associated with the reduced risk of death. A low 5-minute Apgar score (≤3) and maternal chorioamnionitis may increase the risk of serious complications in these infants, while high gestational age and high birth weight may reduce the risk of serious complications.

Meta-analysis and systematic review of efficacy and safety of Lianhua Qingwen in adjuvant treatment of adult pneumonia / 中国中药杂志

To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Lianhua Qingwen in the treatment of adult pneumonia. The randomized controlled trial of Lianhua Qingwen combined with conventional Western medicine in the treatment of pneumonia were retrieved from PubMed, EMbase, Wanfang database, VIP database, and CNKI from the establishment of database to March 2020. Two researchers independently conducted literature screening and data extraction, and the third researcher was in charge of arbitration in case of any disagreement. Outcome indicators included total clinical effective rate, symptom improvement time, and incidence of adverse events. R 3.6.1 was used for Meta-analysis, and RevMan 5.3 was used for quality evaluation. Twenty-two studies were included, with a total of 2 007 patients, including 1 017 patients in the experimental group and 990 patients in the control group. The results showed that the total clinical effective rate of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group(RR=1.11, 95%CI[1.08, 1.15], P<0.001), and the antifebrile time(MD=-1.81, 95%CI[-2.42,-1.21], P<0.001), cough duration(MD=-2.32, 95%CI[-2.89,-1.76], P<0.001), rale duration(MD=-2.19, 95%CI[-2.74,-1.63], P<0.001), imaging recovery time(MD=-2.17, 95%CI[-2.76,-1.58], P<0.001) and post-treatment CRP(MD=-4.07, 95%CI[-6.39,-1.75], P<0.001] were all significantly lower than those of the control group. However, it did not proved that the experimental group was safer than the control group(RR=0.84, 95%CI[0.57, 1.24], P=0.382). The results confirmed that Lianhua Qingwen combined with conventional Western medicine in the treatment of pneumonia could improve the clinical treatment efficiency, shorten the time of fever, cough, rale disappearance and imaging recovery, improve CRP index and accelerate the recovery of pneumonia patients. However, the literatures included in this study had a low quality, and the conclusions still need to be further confirmed by more high-quality, multi-center, rigorously designed randomized controlled trial.

Intervention Effect of New Chinese Herbal Prescription Selected by Data Mining Against Decreased Ovarian Reserve in Rats / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To select and evaluate new Chinese herbal prescription for the treatment of decreased ovarian reserve （DOR） and its appropriate dosage. Method:The literature concerning the treatment of DOR with traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） was retrieved from such databases as Chinese Journal Full-text Database， Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform， and Chongqing Weipu Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals （VIP）， based on which a database was established using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support System （TCMISS） V2.5. The data mining was then carried out to obtain the core combinations of Chinese herbs and new Chinese herbal prescription combinations， followed by the determination of the new Chinese herbal prescription by expert group discussion for experiment evaluation. The female SD rats were divided into the normal group， DOR model group， Kuntai capsule group， and low-， medium-， and high-dose new Chinese herbal prescription groups， with 12 rats in each group. Rats in the Kuntai capsule group and low-， medium-， and high-dose new Chinese herbal prescription groups were treated with Kuntai capsule solution （0.5 g·kg^-1 determined according to the dosage in the instruction） and 3.037 5， 6.075， and 9.12 g·kg^-1 new Chinese herbal prescription， respectively. After 21 days， the estrous cycle was observed by vaginal exfoliated cell smear， and the ovarian structure was observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining. The serum anti-mullerian hormone （AMH）， follicle stimulating hormone （FSH）， luteinizing hormone （LH）， and estrogen （E₂） contents as well as the reactive oxygen species （ROS）， malondialdehyde （MDA）， and glutathione （GSH） levels and superoxide dismutase （SOD）， catalase （CAT）， and glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） activities in ovary were detected using biochemical methods. Result:The new Chinese herbal prescription subjected to experimental evaluation was composed of 11 Chinese herbs， namely Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata 20 g， Cervi Cornus Colla 12 g， Lycii Fructus 20 g， Corni Fructus 12 g， Albiziae Cortex 9 g， Nelumbinis Plumula 3 g， Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma 20 g， Astragali Radix 30 g， Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma 12 g， Dioscoreae Rhizoma 30 g， and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata Cum Melle 6 g. Compared with the model group， the Kuntai capsule group and medium- and high-dose new Chinese herbal prescription groups exhibited significantly improved estrous cycle and follicular development， elevated serum AMH and E₂ and ovarian GSH （<italic>P</italic><0.05）， decreased serum FSH and LH （<italic>P</italic><0.05） and ovarian ROS and MDA （<italic>P</italic><0.05）， and enhanced SOD， CAT， and GSH-Px activities （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. There were no significant differences in the above-mentioned indexes between the Kuntai capsule group and the middle- and high-dose new Chinese herbal prescription groups， but the estrous cycle and follicular development were better in the latter two groups. Conclusion:The new Chinese herbal prescription screened by data mining is able to enhance ovarian antioxidation， promote follicular development， ameliorate serum hormone and estrous cycle， and effectively improve ovarian reserve function in DOR rats. The medium dose （6.075 g·kg^-1） has been proved optimal.

A novel stem cell therapy for hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure

The aim of this study was to propose a stem cell therapy for hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) based on plasma exchange (PE) for peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) collection and examine its safety and efficacy. Sixty patients (n=20 in each group) were randomized to PE (PE alone), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) (PE after G-CSF treatment), and PBSC transplantation (PBSCT) (G-CSF, PE, PBSC collection and hepatic artery injection) groups. Patients were followed-up for 24 weeks. Liver function and adverse events were recorded. Survival analysis was performed. PBSCT improved blood ammonia levels at 1 week (P<0.05). The level of total bilirubin, international normalized ratio, and creatinine showed significant differences in the 4th week of treatment (P<0.05). The survival rates of the PE, G-CSF, and PBSCT groups were 50, 65, and 85% at 90 days (P=0.034). There was a significant difference in 90-day survival between the PE and PBSCT groups (P=0.021). The preliminary results suggested that PBSCT was safe, with a possibility of improved 90-day survival in patients with HBV-ACLF.

SNHG1 promotes MPP+-induced cytotoxicity by regulating PTEN/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in SH-SY5Y cells via sponging miR-153-3p

BACKGROUND: Long non-coding RNA small molecule RNA host gene 1 (SNHG1) was previously identified to be relevant with Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenesis. This work aims to further elucidate the regulatory networks of SNHG1 involved in PD. Methods: 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-hydrochloride (MPTP)-induced mice and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-treated SH-SY5Y cells were respectively constructed as the in vivo and in vitro PD models. Expression levels of SNHG1 and miR-153-3p were detected by qRT-PCR. Protein expression levels of phosphate and tension homology deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) were measured by western blotting assay. Cell viability and apoptosis were determined by MTT and flow cytometry assays. The interactions among SNHG1, miR-153-3p and PTEN were identified by luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation, and/or RNA pull-down analysis. RESULTS: Increased SNHG1 expression was found in midbrain of MPTP-induced PD mice and MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells. Overexpression of SNHG1 lowered viability and enhanced apoptosis in MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells. Moreover, SNHG1 acted as a molecular sponge to inhibit the expression of miR-153-3p. Furthermore, miR-153-3p-mediated suppression of MPP+-induced cytotoxicity was abated following SNHG1 up-regulation. Additionally, PTEN was identified as a direct target of miR-153-3p, and SNHG1 could serve as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) of miR-153-3p to improve the expression of PTEN. Besides, enforced expression of PTEN displayed the similar functions as SNHG1 overexpression in regulating the viability and apoptosis of MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells. Finally, SNHG1 was found to activate PTEN/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in SH-SY5Y cells by targeting miR-153-3p. CONCLUSION: SNHG1 aggravates MPP+-induced cellular toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells by regulating PTEN/AKT/mTOR signaling via sponging miR-153-3p, indicating the potential of SNHG1 as a promising therapeutic target for PD.

The role of the intestinal microflora dysbiosis in chronic kidney disease / 药学学报

In recent years the interaction between host and gut microbiota has attracted increasing attention. However, intestinal flora dysbiosis may lead to many diseases, and there is increasing evidence that the intestinal microbiota in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with the pathophysiological status of the host. "Gut-kidney axis" provides a better explanation of the two-way communication between intestinal flora and CKD. Impaired kidney function leads to dysbiosis of intestinal flora and an altered intestinal flora can damage the intestinal mucosal barrier and facilitate the entry into the bloodstream of harmful bacteria, which can induce chronic inflammation and thus accelerate renal injury. In addition, the accumulation of nephrotoxic metabolites from an altered intestinal flora can aggravate CKD in the "gut-kidney axis". Among them, p-cresol sulfate, indoxyl sulfate and trimethylamine oxide are the most widely studied metabolites of nephrotoxicity, and their renal toxicity has been widely confirmed in basic research and clinical studies. Current studies show that the intestinal microbiota-metabolite network is closely related to the occurrence and development of chronic kidney disease. Thus, intervention in the intestinal microbiota may provide a new approach to the prevention and treatment of chronic kidney disease.

Long-term effects of autogenous coronoid grafts on the facial growth of children with unilateral temporomandibular joint ankylosis and reconstructed mandibular condyle / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#Mandibular condyle injury usually results in malocclusion and disharmony of facial growth in growing children. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effects of autogenous coronoid grafts on the facial growth of children with unilateral temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis who underwent mandibular condyle reconstruction.@*METHODS@#Ten growing patients with unilateral bony TMJ ankylosis admitted in West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University between January 1st, 2008 and December 31st, 2016 were followed up and evaluated. These patients include three males and seven females with ages ranging from 5 years to 12 years at the time of surgery. Each patient underwent gap arthroplasty, condyle reconstruction with ipsilateral coronoid, and interposition of the pedicled temporalis fascial flap in a single operation. The postoperative follow-up ranged from 3 years to 8 years with an average of 4.9 years. Postoperative panoramic radiographs determined the growth of the mandibular height and length on the affected side and compared it with those of the healthy side.@*RESULTS@#All patients recovered uneventfully after surgery. At the end of follow-up period, the maximal mouth opening ranged from 32 mm to 41 mm with an average of 35.6 mm. Mandibular height and length continued to grow after the successful treatment of ankylosis using autogenous coronoid grafts for condyle reconstruction. However, growth deficit still existed. The final ramus height and mandibular length of the affected side at the end of follow-up increased by 25.3% (P<0.05) and 26.1% (P<0.05), respectively, compared with the initial values measured immediately after surgery. Growth rates of ramus height and mandibular length of the affected side were 47.1% and 27.2% lower (P<0.05) than those of the healthy side, respectively.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Mandibular height and length continued to grow after the successful treatment of ankylosis by using autogenous coronoid grafts for condyle reconstruction. However, growth deficit still existed. The growth rate of the affected mandible was reduced compared with that of the undisturbed side even after treatment of ankylosis.

Effects of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on body composition, arterial stiffness and serum resistin level in obese college female students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To investigate the effects of 12-week high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on body composition, arterial stiffness(cfPWV) and serum resistin level in the obese college female students, so as to provide a theoretical reference for improving the cardiovascular health of obese college students and seeking better ways of losing weight.@*Methods@#Thirty-seven female college students were chosen and then randomly assigned to HIIT group(n=19), MICT group(n=18). The subjects in both the HIIT group and MICT group underwent exercise for 12 weeks(five times per week). Then body composition and resistin level were measured, arterial stiffness by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) was evaluated in all subjects before and after training.@*Results@#After 12-week exercise, body weight, BMI, body fat and trunk fat significantly decreased in both HIIT and MICT groups (t=2.19, 6.02, 2.64, -2.76, P<0.05); muscle mass significantly increased, serum resistin level and cfPWV significantly decreased (P<0.01) only in HIIT group. Compared with the MICT group, trunk fat, cfPWV, serum resistin level were lower and muscle mass was higer in HIIT group(P<0.05), while the reduction of serum resistin level before and after the intervention of HIIT was positively correlated with the reduction in the trunk fat and cfPWV, and negatively correlated with the increases in the muscle mass(r=0.52, 0.56, -0.65, P<0.01).@*Conclusion@#Both HIIT and MICT have favorable effects on body composition in obese college female students. However, HIIT is more beneficial for improving the trunk fat and arterial stiffness than MICT group which may be associated with decreases in serum resistin level.